Although more complex to design, combining operable windows with traditional systems can reduce energy use. It can also increase individual climate control, which has multiple benefits of its own. Europe and Japan are implementing mixed-mode already, and it may be coming to an office building near you in the future. (More......)

Many of CBE's research reports are publicly available. Electronic versions are offered in PDF format, free of charge.

Center for the Built Environment Research Publication List. April 2003. (90K)

Federspiel, C., R. Martin, and Hannah. Yan
Thermal Comfort Models and Complaint Frequencies. CBE Summary Report, April 2003 (800K)

Salter, C., K. Powell, D. Begault, and R. Alvarado,
Case Studies of a Method for Predicting Speech Privacy in the Contemporary Workplace. CBE Summary Report, January 2003 (2MB)

Federspiel, C. C., Q. Zhang, and E. Arens,
Model-Based Benchmarking with Application to Laboratory Buildings. Energy and Buildings, 34(3), pp. 203-214, 2002.

Federspiel, C., G. Liu, M. Lahiff, D. Faulkner, D. Dibartolomeo, W. Fisk, P. Price, and D. Sullivan,
Worker Performance and Ventilation: Analyses of Individual Data for Call-Center Workers. Proceedings, Indoor Air 2002, Monterey, CA, June 2002. (29K)

Fisk, W., P. Price, D. Faulkner, D. Sullivan, D. Dibartolomeo, C. Federspiel, G. Liu, and M. Lahiff,
Productivity And Ventilation Rate: Analyses Of Time-Series Data For A Group Of Call-Center Workers. Proceedings, Indoor Air 2002, Monterey, CA, June 2002. (49K) This collaborative study was primarily funded by the US Department of Energy.

Webster, T., F. Bauman, J. Reese and M. Shi,
Thermal Stratification Performance of Underfloor Air Distribution (UFAD) Systems. Proceedings, Indoor Air 2002, Monterey, CA, June 2002. (61K)

Huizenga, C., K. Laeser, and E. Arens,
A Web-Based Occupant Satisfaction Survey for Benchmarking Building Quality. Proceedings, Indoor Air 2002, Monterey, CA, June 2002. (41K)

Webster, T., F. Bauman, and J. Reese,
Underfloor Air Distribution: Thermal Stratification. ASHRAE Journal, May 2002. (682K)

Webster, T., R. Bannon and D. Lehrer,
Teledesic Broadband Center Field Study. CBE Summary Report, April 2002 (680K)

Lehrer, D.,
Building a Case for Building Performance. Line Online, AIA San Francisco Chapter, August, 2001 (25K)

Bauman, F., and T. Webster,
Outlook for Underfloor Air Distribution. ASHRAE Journal, June 2001. (390K)

Webster, T., F. Bauman and E. Ring
Supply Fan Energy Use in Pressurized Underfloor Air Distribution Systems. CBE Summary Report, October 2000. (280K)

Brager, G., and R.J. de Dear,
A Standard for Natural Ventilation. ASHRAE Journal, October 2000. (1.0MB)

Brager, G., E. Ring, and K. Powell,
Mixed-mode Ventilation: HVAC Meets Mother Nature. Engineered Systems, May 2000, pp. 60-70. (80K)

Bauman, F., T. Webster and P. Pecora,
How Low Can You Go? Air Flow Performance of Low-Height Underfloor Plenums. CBE Summary Report, October 1999. (189K)

Murray, S., and K. Powell,
Office Tenant Needs Study CBE Summary Report, October 1999. (86K)

Bauman, F.,
Giving Occupants What They Want: Guidelines for Implementing Personal Environmental Control in Your Building. Proceedings, World Workplace 1999, Los Angeles, October 1999. (98K)

Federspiel, C. C., Q. Zhang, and E. Arens,
Laboratory Field Studies/Performance Feedback. Final Report to California Institute for Energy Efficiency, December 1999 (1.5MB))

Bauman, F., A. Baughman, G. Carter, and E. Arens,
A Field Study of PEM (Personal Environmental Module) Performance in Bank of America's San Francisco Office Buildings. University of California, Berkeley, April 1998. (2.4MB)

Bauman, F., and E. Arens,
Task/Ambient Conditioning Systems: Engineering and Application Guidelines. Center for Environmental Design Research, University of California, Berkeley, October 1996. (2 MB)